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Tuesday, August 25, 2020
International businesses look to locate foreign operations in Essay
Global organizations hope to find outside tasks in nations which are steady. Blueprint and basically talk about the standards by which they judge whether a nation is steady - Essay Example All things being equal, worldwide extension is an entangled issue and organizations planning to enter another nation should mull over a great deal factors. They incorporate the monetary and world of politics, the individual qualities and shortcomings of the organization, the chances and dangers seen there, business and advertising techniques, and even the social factors that is curious to a specific area. This paper takes a gander at these variables and will give a point by point audit respect to its significance and pertinence in global extension systems. It will build up a framework by which organizations can evaluate whether a market is appealing and stable. The emphasis will be on two nations to be specific China and Dubai, to give explicit uses of hypothesis and writing on this region. Explicit components impacting universal objective markets: The expansion in globalization and facilitated commerce has now brought about an ever increasing number of organizations hoping to grow to abroad markets. Residential rivalry is another factor the drives these organizations to search for new markets. There are numerous variables (as referenced over) that impact dynamic by organizations concerning which showcase they ought to enter. ââ¬Å"While just a couple of decades back these outer viewpoints were viewed as centring on the nation of origin of the business, the ecological skyline of business has broadened to take in a large group of global powers, which collaborate with national and nearby factorsâ⬠(Morrison 2002, p 2). Morrison has given an expansive diagram of the elements that impact global business as follows. The association is imagined at the center of the graph which shows the different powers that follow up on it in a residential and universal condition. The extra powers that follow up on it in a universal setting are the country state, district, and world ones. It tends to be seen that monetary, socio/social, lawful, specialized and political powers are regular to both local and worldwide
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Next five years Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words
The Next five years - Essay Example As per Mitroff (1995) the utilization of Inductive-Consensual is undemocratic. In this charge, vote based system's key object is to have unlimited conversation of key issues, extreme contentions and discussions by those on rival sides. Popular government becomes distorted when it isn't just mistaken for accord yet decreased to numbers (Mitroff 1995). It ought to likewise be noticed that Inductive-Consensus IS isn't the just one utilizing understanding. Every method of enquiry, IS has an alternate/free definition and idea of understanding. Inductive-Consensus is the main IS that is basically subject to the idea of understanding. As a last point, however understanding and accord are basic in accomplishing ends, they ought not be trusted completely nor considered as the last thought for choosing every single fundamental inquiry. The initial segment of the displaying of Analytic-Deductive IS in human conduct is erroneous. People don't start their investigations into crucial social issues yet rather start with effectively complex sources of info. By and large, all human requests beginning stages are messes. The root word mess implies that each human issue is related and included inseparably with each other human issue (Ackoff 1972). The methodology of separating an unpredictable issue into its different parts doesn't hold for human issues of any significance. As needs be, mess really implies an arrangement of communicating issues as the contributions to any procedure of human critical thinking are unquestionably messes. Argument (Conflict) Argument IS isn't constrained to just issues identified with specialized or business however is pertinent to all issues that human face. This includes the utilization of the argument request framework. Under this, a target result is created because of an extraordinary contention and conversation between two restricting positions. This makes it not quite the same as inductive-consensual request framework that produces understanding before or during an extreme thought. Despite the fact that the Dialectic structure clearly originates from the long and rich history of theory, it isn't immovably a result of it. Persuasion framework is utilized as a device for down to earth choice instead of a theoretical thought. In addition, Dialectic framework fills in as the extension that ties to the contemporary reasoning. Different real factors (Multiple perspectives on issues) Under different real factors, information and realities about an issue are extraordinarily reliant on the model that when taken together will frame an indivisible entirety. Aside from the suspicion of inductive-consensual IS, information from numerous truths are not autonomous or self-sorting out substances. In addition, Multiple Realities don't have the presumption that there is just a single method of characterizing significant issues, which fundamentally isolates it separated from Inductive-Consensual and Analytic-Deductive IS. This framework centers around official (individual) as basic perspective that can't be absolutely formalized because of its reliance on the utilization of shrewdness. The nonappearance of knowledge will bring about framework degeneration into a momentous exercise in babble (Churchman 1982). This is one
Monday, July 27, 2020
The Brave New World of Spec Fic Magazines A Primer
The Brave New World of Spec Fic Magazines A Primer Speculative fiction is a vibrant field with a lot of exciting stuff written by genre veterans as well as up and coming writers. When I first tried dipping my toe into the genre, Ive found myself a little intimidated by all the available titles, not to mention the various mediums where this type of fiction is available. SFF magazines in particular can be a little bit daunting. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America lists 26 magazines that qualify as professional-rated, and that doesnt even consider the scores of semi-pro and non-paying publications. But Im about to hook you up with recommendations for short fiction that are available for free online. Folks who dont enjoy reading using the computer screen can also purchase digital versions (save for one that is completely web-centric) and you can even subscribe digitally or in print form. My advice is to choose one or two publications for browsing, take note of the authors you enjoy, then look up the website to see where else theyve been published. What I tend to do is save the pages using the Pocket app and blaze through them when Im spinning my wheels and I dont feel like reading longer works. Here is my list of tried and true magazines. Many of them focus on certain genres like fantasy, adventure, or horror but in my experience, they dont tend to get too rigid about what is expected of specific categories and have great overall appeal. Tor.com Lets address the giant, unhappy elephant in the room. When I started building this primer early in June, I automatically rounded up some of my favorite short stories published on the Tor website, acquired by keen editors such as Patrick Nielsen Hayden, Ellen Datlow and Anne Vandermeer. I was going to talk about how each story is paired with some of the most arresting artwork in the genre, thanks in large part to the art direction by Irene Gallo. That was before Tor publisher Tom Doherty proceeded to throw Irene Gallo under the bus, succumbing to an extended campaign by so-called Sad Puppies and Rabid Puppies, whose reason for existence is their opposition to the fact that more people of color, LGBTQ+ people, and women are taking up space in the SFF landscape. Rioter Brenna Clark Gray goes more in-depth with this story. This is not the recommendation I had wanted to write. Some who are appalled by these developments are disavowing support for Tor, since it is an institution that would rather appease genre reactionaries than support their own employees who are doing vital work. This is a valid response. But Tor (both the website and the publishing house) is also home to stories that Irene Gallo and other people like her are working hard to champion, the very voices that the Puppy Industrial Complex are saying should not be recognized by the Hugos or the Nebulas. It is your prerogative to not give Tor any of your money or your clicks, but I urge you to take note of these names, all of whom I first encountered through this publication: The Water That Falls on You from Nowhere by John Chu At turns poignant, hilarious, and heartbreaking, this is a specimen of mundane speculative fiction written by one of the most acute feelings writers in the genre. Anyway: Angie by Daniel José Older A story dripping with attitude, swagger, and some gore, told through the eyes of a bodyguard trying to bury a broken heart in her work. Except that her work involves old loves and supernatural roaches. Thirteen Steps in the Underworld by Su-Yee Lin Im a sucker for a good old Orpheus in the underworld reimagining, and Lin uses a novel format here that highlights the emotional heft of the story. The Devil in America by Kai Ashante Wilson If youre going to try a single story from this recommendation post, make it this one. A harrowing horror story for more reasons than the supernatural ones, centered around an African-American family a few years after the Civil War. Clarkesworld Ive probably read more stories from Clarkesworld than from any other SFF publication. Part of it is because they used to only publish two short stories a month, making it easy to keep up. But even now that theyve expanded to accommodate four stories and several essays, they are still the one magazine that Ill consistently look at. Something about the publications aesthetic really appeals to me in a way thats hard to articulate. Explicit stories are contrasted with whimsical and broody ones, showing you the breadth of possibilities in speculative fiction. A Buyers Guide to Maps of Antarctica by Catherynne M. Valente This is probably in the top five of my favorite short stories of all time. Who wouldve thought an auctioneers catalog could be so riveting? From the Lost Diary of TreeFrog7 by Nnedi Okorafor This story has echoes of the movie Alien, told in a series of journal transcripts. I highly encourage you to try the audio recordings for this one, it adds a lot of tension and depth to the story. Tying Knots by Ken Liu A great (and slightly infuriating) piece of near future science fiction about the things we value and take from people in the margins. 86, 87, 88, 89 by Genevieve Valentine What starts out as a cleanup and archiving effort turns into a disquieting look at how a society can be complicit in its own subjugation. Apex Magazine Blessed Are the Hungry by Victor Fernando R. Ocampo A story about a highly stratified society contained in a starship on its way to a new galaxy. The Rapid Advance of Sorrow by Theodora Goss The Snow Queen retold through the lens of a city succumbing to totalitarianism. Body Language by Mary Robinette Kowal A delightful futuristic crime story involving a puppeteer who inadvertently gets involved in a kidnapping investigation. Strange Horizons Difference of Opinion by Meda Kahn A wrenching SF story positing that even love may not be enough to truly connect. Selkie Stories Are For Losers by Sofia Samatar I find selkie stories creepy yet compelling, and Samatar does a great job dissecting this folk tales implication when it comes to womens agency. LAquilone du Estrellas (Kite of Stars) by Dean Francis Alfar A straight up fantastical story about working for love and the endpoint of journeys. This is the first story that first prompted me to look at short stories published online, and Ive never looked back. Beneath Ceaseless Skies Master Hadjs Sunset Ride by Saladin Ahmed A Western with a tremendous first-person voice, about Muslim bounty hunters encountering the undead. We Were Once of the Sky by Yoseff Lindell Alternate history depicting a society where aliens are living with the human population during the reign of the Black Plague. No Sweeter Art by Tony Pi This is a rollicking adventure story about a wizard that works primarily through the medium of candy. Yup. Lightspeed (Lightspeeds most recent issue is titled Queers Destroy Science Fiction! and if that doesnt make you want to read it, I dont know what to tell you.) ???? (Influence Isolated, Make Peace) by John Chu Another amazing story from John Chu, this time about supersoldiers, game theory, and Go. The Knight of Chain, the Deuce of Stars by Yoon Ha Lee I obviously have a thing for games in a science fiction setting. This one is told with a backdrop of galactic conflict barely explained, told in poetic, achingly abstract language. Herd Immunity by Tananarive Due Just when you think the subgenre of plague apocalypses has nothing more to offer, you get this great story about a woman you cant help but root for. Nightmare Magazine Have You Heard the One About Anamaria Marquez? by Isabel Yap I studied at an all-girls Catholic school in the Philippines, and believe me when I say that Isabel Yap has the setting and the urban legends down pat. Happily there were less hauntings in my high school experience. Ishq by Usman T. Malik Though primarily a horror publication, I really appreciate how Nightmare Mag consistently chooses stories that have stark human emotions at the center of them. This is a prime example. Raphael by Stephen Graham Jones This story has shade of Stephen Kings IT, about a group of friends and the single thoughtless act that devastates them and their families. 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Friday, May 22, 2020
Calcium and Potassium modifications are specialized...
Calcium and Potassium modifications are specialized individual according to a specific disease, age and inadequate amounts of calcium or potassium higher or lower than normal value. Calcium modifications are the results of to low or to high calcium levels. When calcium levels are to low compromises in bone integrity will occur. Adults 50 years of age and older are encouraged to increase calcium intake to help prevent osteoporosis. Patients with thyroid dysfunctions may experience low hormone levels causing low calcium secretion. Kidney disease, liver disease and pancreatitis also decrease the calcium level due to the effects of absorptions of vitamins and minerals in the body. Patients that have a calcium deficiency are encouraged toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Patients with renal failure, tissue destruction, adrenal gland disease and certain medication can increase potassium levels in the body. High levels of potassium can lead to cardiac arrest. Potassium rich food should be avo ided until potassium levels return to normal. Medication such as a water pill can be administered to remove excess potassium via the urinary track. High amounts of potassium can lead to life threatening heart changes and intake of potassium should be stopped until potassium is within normal range. Patient experiencing gastrointestinal loss, renal loss, and lake of intake contribute to inadequate amount of potassium. A potassium rich diet will be recommended. Intake is all individualized based on the patient. Food intake is recommended over supplements, and fruits and vegetables are preferred due to the absorption rate. (Dudek, 2010) There is no recommended dietary allowance for potassium intake but experts suggest that potassium intake of 4700mg/day with food. Americans that have a higher consumptions of potassium incorporated in the diet delay and even prevent high blood pressure. Special considerations for African Americans will be to be placed on potassium rich diet do to the high prevalence of hypertension. Salt substitutes tend to very high. Upon calcium and potassium modification each diet will be individualized based on the preexisting conditions. Handouts will be passed out with list of sources of foodShow MoreRelatedCongestive Heart Failure Essay6560 Words à |à 27 PagesCongestive Heart Failure Armi Gonzales Western Governors University Congestive Heart Failure A. Investigated Disease Process Congestive Heart Failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump a sufficient amount of blood for the body to function. If the heartââ¬â¢s ability to pump blood decreases, blood and fluids may start to pool into the lungs and accumulate in the legs, ankles, and feet causing an edema, shortness of breath, and fatigue. (Heart Failure, 2015, para. 2) TheRead MoreHeart Failure : A Clinical Syndrome Characterized By Structural Or Functional Impairment Of Ventricular8006 Words à |à 33 Pagesprogression of disease) 4 o StageA - At high risk for heart Failure without structural heart disease or symptoms - Hypertension and lipid disorders to be controlled - Obesity, diabetes mellitus, tobacco use, and known cardiotoxic agents, should be controlled or avoided o Stage B - Structural heart disease without signs and symptoms of heart failure - In patients with a history of myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction - Preventive medications o Stage C - Structural heart disease with priorRead MoreCase Study Essay33967 Words à |à 136 Pagesadmission interview, the nurse makes a list of the medications M.G. took at home. ââ" Chart View Nursing Assessment: Medications Taken at Home Enalapril (Vasotec) 5 mg PO bid Pioglitazone (Actos) 45 mg PO every morning Furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg/day PO Potassium chloride 20 mEq/day PO 2. Which of these medications may have contributed to M.G.s heart failure? Explain. Thiazolidinediones, such as pioglitazone, may increase the risk of heart failure and should not be used in patients with symptoms of heartRead MoreFactors Affecting Plant Growth And Development7928 Words à |à 32 Pagesand biochemical reactions in plant body. Plant phenological change is observable physiological response of plants to several factors such as temperature, water availability, and nutrient level. This phenological change by temperature is obvious according to altitude[442]. The impact of rising temperature due to climate change on phenological change is stronger in high elevation than low elevation[249]. Some researchers estimated phonological change per temperature increase[74], that is, how manyRead MoreSocm Study Guide Essay30404 Words à |à 122 PagesResponsiveness ââ¬â organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment (long term changes is adaptability) B. Growth ââ¬â over a lifetime, organisms grow larger through an increase in size or number of cells. Differentiation is when cells have specialized functions C. Reproduction ââ¬â Organisms reproduce, creating subsequent generations of similar organisms D. Movement ââ¬â Organisms are capable of movement a. Internal ââ¬â moving food, blood, or other materials internally b.Read MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words à |à 143 Pagesprokaryotes 130 Structures and functions 133-137 Microbes 148-150 Onion and cheek cells 150-151 Ecological study 154 Seed structure and germination 155-157 Reproduction in plants 158-165 Sexually transmitted diseases 166-176 Birth Control and contraceptives 177-185 Effects on population growth 186-187 Drug and drug abuse 188-191 Manââ¬â¢s impact on the environment 192-199 Reproduction in man 200-201 References 202 Introduction Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words à |à 760 Pages...................................................................... 437 Inference to the Best Explanation ................................................................................................ 438 Induction from the General to the Specific ................................................................................. 438 How New Information Affects an Argumentââ¬â¢s Strength ............................................................. 439 Statistics and Probability .............
Saturday, May 9, 2020
How Cultured Hippocampal Neurons And Proteins And Rna...
Furthermore, we also found Kif5C O/E increases PSD95 and synaptophysin levels in dendrites of cultured hippocampal neurons, which further strengthen our hypothesis that Kif5C plays an important role in synapse formation. Our preliminary data have suggested that knockdown of Kif5C impairs the storage of contextual fear memories. Detailed characterization of the spine and branching phenotype and RNA cargos by electrophysiology and imaging are in progress. These studies will bring novel insights into the mechanisms of memory, synapse signaling and RNA transport. References 1. Willemsen MH, Ba W, Wissink-Lindhout WM, de Brouwer AP, Haas SA, Bienek M, Hu H, Vissers LE, van Bokhoven H, Kalscheuer V, Nadif Kasri N, Kleefstra T. Involvement of the kinesin family members KIF4A and KIF5C in intellectual disability and synaptic function. J Med Genet. 2014, 51(7): 487-94. 2. Liu XA, Kadakkuzha B, Pascal B, Steckler C, Akhmedov K, Yan L, Chalmers M, Puthanveettil SV. New approach to capture and characterize synaptic proteome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014,111(45): 16154-9. (B): The 2016 Cell Biology of the Neuronâ⬠¨Gordon Research Conference in Waterville Valley, NH is devoted to outstanding discoveries in neural development, function, regeneration as well as diseases. Neuronal cell biology has emerged as one of the most exciting and rapidly moving fields in contemporary biology. This field is experiencing a revolution in imaging technology and at the same time, powerful molecular andShow MoreRelatedLncrna Essay1706 Words à |à 7 Pagesis heavily increased, without any significant change in the number of protein coding genes whereas non-coding portion of the genome has substantially undergone change. It is now well accepted fact that on increasing evolutionary levels, majority of the genome gives rise to non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that led to the increased biological complexity. By halting the central dogma ââ¬â the flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein, ncRNAs have gained central attention. Recent advancement in the next generationRea d MoreIs The Amyloid Precursor Protein ( App ) Is Long Associated With Alzheimer s Disease?2728 Words à |à 11 PagesIntroduction: The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is long associated with Alzheimerââ¬â¢s disease (AD). It is a single-pass transmembrane protein and is responsible for producing the neurotoxic Aà ² plaque which accumulates within the brain (Oââ¬â¢Brien et al. 2011). This accumulation of Aà ² is what characterises AD. However, in spite of APPââ¬â¢s detrimental role in the pathogenesis of AD, it has been recently shown that APP can act as a neuroprotective molecule following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Approximately
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Forrest Gump Free Essays
Fates Destiny Society has always questioned whether love or death is a matter of choice or fate. Fate is the theory that everything happens just the way it is supposed to happen. It is also the notion that all things and events are predetermined by a higher power. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In William Shakespearesââ¬â¢ Romeo and Juliet, he writes about a young man named Romeo who falls in love with a woman named Juliet. Romeoââ¬â¢s falling in love with Juliet causes multiple people to die including the two lovers, and he is responsible. He claims that he did not kill those individuals, and that it was fate. He also claims that fortune chose for him to end his life in order to be with his lover. In Eric Rothââ¬â¢s academy award winner Forrest Gump, he writes about a young man named Forrest who grew up in Greenbow, Alabama. Forrest tells his life story to strangers while waiting at a bus stop and how heââ¬â¢s made the best of everything thatââ¬â¢s ever happened to him. Roth and Shakespeare both write about how the powerful concept of fate and destiny effect human beings because when Romeoââ¬â¢s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumpsââ¬â¢ wife dies he states everybody has a destiny. Weââ¬â¢ve all heard it before; ââ¬Å"It just wasnââ¬â¢t meant to be,â⬠or it was. Although it may be frustrating at times, it depends on what side of the fence you are on. We try to make excuses of why things happen in order to find some reality in these circumstances. In Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Romeo and Juliet Romeo is the kind of character that is a strong believer in fate. In (3. 1. 11) after Romeo gets married to Juliet he runs into Mercutio, Tybalt (Julietââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢ cousin), and Benvolio. Mercutio and Tybalt start fighting, Mercutio dies and Romeo is angry with Tybalt and seeks revenge. Romeo kills Tybalt and then says ââ¬Å"O, I am fortuneââ¬â¢s fool! â⬠immediately after he kills Tybalt in a duel. This seems to suggest that fate or ââ¬Å"fortuneâ⬠is responsible for Tybaltââ¬â¢s death, not Romeo. In Eric Rothââ¬â¢s Forrest Gump, Jenny ,Forrestââ¬â¢s best friend at the time, is being chased by her abusive father through the fields. while hiding she prays ââ¬Å"Dear God, make me a bird so I could fly far, far, far away from here. this clearly shows that Jenny believes in fate because saying ââ¬Å"Dear Godâ⬠is referring to a higher power. Again in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Romeo and Juliet in (5. 1. 24) after the main character ,Romeo, hears the horrible news from Balthasar that Juliet is dead. He cries to the sky ââ¬Å"Is it even so? then I defy you, stars! â⬠meaning that Romeo rejects the stars that have decided to separate Juliet an d him by death. In Forrest Gump while waiting at a bus stop, Forrest says ââ¬Å" momma always used to say life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what youââ¬â¢re gonna get. meaning that life is not controlled by the individual and it is unexpected because a higher power determines someoneââ¬â¢s future. It is clear to see that these stories are similar in the sense that both Eric Roth and William Shakespeare use the theme of fate and itââ¬â¢s effects on people. Fate is the choice of a higher power but destiny is the choice of the person who believes in their fate. Both Romeo and Juliet and Forrest and Gump are examples of how fate effects humans. Shakespeare and Roth both write about how powerful the concept of fate and destiny are. When Romeoââ¬â¢s wife dies he blames fate and when Forrest Gumpsââ¬â¢ wife dies he talks about how everybody has a destiny. This is relevant to our present day society because many believe in fate. Fate can cause issues in society, because we as humans have not learned how to differentiate between fate and freewill. We have to learn to realize the difference between blaming something on fate and taking the blame for our own faults. If we do not do this every generation will have excuses about how fate got in their way when it was really their free will. How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays Alma F. Florendo STUDENT NUMBER:à 2009-5226 Fil-Canadian Training Devt. Center for Caregivers- Makati Subject: Special Needs Instructor: Sir. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now JV Vergara Reaction Paper ââ¬Å"Forrest Gumpâ⬠Based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom, Forrest Gump is a 1994 American comedy-drama film, starring Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn,Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson, and Sally Field. It is a story of Forrest Gumpââ¬â¢s epicjourney through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing first-hand historic events of the late 20th century while being largely unaware of their significance, due to his borderline mental retardation. The story started off with Forrest Gump, sitting at a bus stop in Savannah,Georgia, where a feather falls on him. When he picked up and put that feather on a book entitled Curious George, he then starts to tell his story to the woman sitting beside him. During the course of the story, the listeners at the bus stop change regularly where each shows different attitudes towards him, from disbelief and indifference. As the film that we had watched, we learned about his story from childhood to during his time after the war in Vietnam. There, we witnessed his struggles and the struggles of the people around him. First, there is his mother, who taught him many wonderful things and even had sex with the principal of the school just to let Forrest enter the school and be treated equally like any other normal students. During the first day of school Forrest met his very first friend, Jenny Curran, and became best friends with her. Despite having a below level intelligence quotient (IQ), Forrest develops an ability to run at great speed due to his running from bullies from school and this gets him to college through a football scholarship. After his college graduation, he got enlisted to the army and makes friends with a black man named Bubba, who talks nothing but shrimp and even convince Forrest to go into a shrimping business after the war. They were sent to Vietnam where he had saved many members of his platoon including his platoon leader during an ambush and where Bubba was killed in action. He was then awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism. While on recovery from a gunshot wound on his buttocks, his discovers his uncanny ability for ping-pong and even gain popularity and later on competitively play against Chinese teams in ping pong diplomacy. He is subsequent promoted to sergeant and during an anti-war rally held in Washington, D. C. he reunites with Jenny, who has been living a hippie counterculture lifestyle. This is where the film ended and I can say that it has been enough to show us that the disability that Forrest Gump had can be compared to that of an innocent child who has been taught a simple life by his mother. The struggles that he had encountered, especially during the war in Vietnam, can be considered as a hard part of anyoneââ¬â¢s life if they weââ¬â¢re on his shoes but Forrest did just wel l in war and did not even considered it as a big thing. There are many lessons that we can learn from his story, not just about how to treat people with disabilities or how they walk on a normal environment, but from the story of Forrest Gump, I had learned how lucky he is to be taught properly and greatly by his mother, on how he handles the people that we saw treating him improperly, and how he goes on with his life without even blaming other people or himself, that he had just accepted who he is and just like what his mother taught him, he is not different and is just like any other normal kids. If only normal people can be just like Forrest Gump, taking the struggles in life as a challenge and not as a problem, that everything that happens is according to Godââ¬â¢s plan and that he has a reason for it, just imagine the wonderful things that can happen in one personââ¬â¢s life or even the influence that we can give to other people. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The Language Features of Forrest Gump I has chosen Forrest Gump to read, as am big fan of the Oscar-winning movie adapted from the novel. Actually, when we finished reading 10 chapters of the novel, I found that it was a different story, but the book was still a page-turner. In order to make the story clear delivered, the author presents the story in chronological order. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the 10 chapters, Gump retells his adventures through American history, with everything from college football in early years to the Vietnam War and Ping-Pong games In China later in his life. Despite his low IQ and being an Autistic Savant, Gump Is full of wisdom and humor. up to now, what has left us a deep Impression Is the language feature In the novel. Language Is the reflection of a personââ¬â¢s soul and thought. You can tell oneââ¬â¢s personality from his speech, so in order to reveal Gumpââ¬â¢s traits, the author uses self-mockery and vulgar language in the novel. The informal style properly shows the characterââ¬â¢s optimistic attitude toward his mental affliction and his simple view towards life. He never minds calling himself an idiot whenever he has done ââ¬Å"shitâ⬠things and he would rather think himself as a ââ¬Å"halfwitâ⬠instead of a ââ¬Å"moronâ⬠. When the president shook hands with him and asked his feelings, he only said: live gone to Pee. As for Forrest Gump, the language is used to express his real feelings of the body, so it was impossible to say like other members whose answer was ââ¬Å"very proudâ⬠or similar words, but he could only realistically spoke ââ¬Å"to Pee. Some of the language and plots may seem shallow to you, but we think the simplicity is the best reflection of Gumpââ¬â¢s merits. Whatââ¬â¢s more, in the narration, the author doesnt use literary language. He has done a lot of spelling and grammar mistakes on propose, wrltlng all the words In the way you would pronounce it. For xample, a sentence goes like,â⬠When I got to try sayin or writin them, it kinda come out like Jello. This special way, though a little hard to read and understand, is more verbal and accordant with the way an idiot savant may acts, thus making the idiotic character more real. Besides the interesting way of writing, we can see a lot of slang, idioms and customary expressions which helps build a truer background. With the smart use of language, the author shapes the leading character vividly, Forrest Gump is far from a novel character, and In fact, he Is more Ilke a genuine man In our life, who is a man of virtues regardless of his low IQ. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a simple Alabama man who travels across the world, sometimes meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20th century. Forrest Gump though at an early age his principal determines young Forrest possesses an IQ of 75, he has endearing character and devotion to his loved ones and duties, which brings him into many life-changing situations. Forrest interprets everything literally. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now He does not understand irony or sarcasm. His thoughts are child-like and innocent. Along the way, he encounters many historical figures and events throughout his life. Physically, Forrest is strong, athletic, and healthy. Since very early childhood he has been classified as ââ¬Å"slowâ⬠and this has not changed in adulthood. Despite this, he is able to attend college, and graduate, signifying that he does indeed have some cognitive abilities in the classroom. Emotionally, Forrest does experience emotions such as falling in love, grief, excitement, nervousness, and so on. But, the main character with the mood/anxiety disorder would be his good friend Jenny. Jenny had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which is a life threatening, debilitating disorder that can break down a suffererââ¬â¢s body through anxiety and stress. Further it poses a significant suicide risk resulting from the brains neurological imbalance and chemical depression. Sufferers often live in denial, thus this community is aimed at helping PTSD sufferers help themselves through others experiences, guidance and education. As a young girl, Jenny was raised by her abusive dad. As a child, she was sexually abused by her father. As kids, Jenny and Forrest once prayed for God to turn her into a bird so she could fly away from her home. Eventually, however, the police took Jenny away to live with her grandmother, though the abuse she had suffered would stay with her for most of her life. Jenny eventually poses for a picture in Playboy, which gets her expelled from college. She begins playing guitar in the nude as ââ¬Å"Bobbie Dylanâ⬠at a strip club and gets fired. Jenny then becomes a hippie and travels the country with friends. Jennyââ¬â¢s life then takes a dark turn into a life of drugs and prostitution. Jenny was incapable of sustaining healthy relationships due to the physical/sexual abuse she endured as a child by her alcoholic father. She reached her lowest point when she nearly jumps from an apartment balcony in a drug-induced haze. Eventually she returns to Alabama to stay with Forrest. Her bad childhood greatly influenced her life, childhood sexual abuse caused post traumatic disorder, the promiscuity was due to the hippie lifestyle and was compounded by sexual abuse from father, then the drugs and fast life style caused by the unresolved pain of her childhood which later results in her trying to commit suicide. By the end of the movie she contracted aids and died. In my opinion because she could never keep a stable sexual relationship. She just didnââ¬â¢t feel worthy of anyone. Jenny did not receive treatment for her disorder, her whole life was a search to find herself to find a place to belong which eventually lead her back to the place she hated the most. While watching this movie you see all the things wrong with Jenny all of her symptoms were consistent. social maladjustments arising from incest are alcoholism, drug addiction, self-injury, prostitution and promiscuity, which are all the things that happened to Jenny, but she never reached out for help until the end when she wanted Forrest to keep her son. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays Forrest Gump Free Essays ââ¬Å"Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what one youââ¬â¢re going to getâ⬠, this is found in the film Forrest Gump. In the film Forrest Gump, Robert Zemeckis (director) positions the audience in a number of ways using Christian/moral discourses throughout the film. The plot is essential to any film or text and has a major role in this film. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One important and crucial aspect of this film is the Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad, such as loyalty and bulling. Other aspect of the film includes dialogue, which Forrest takes literally. Perhaps the strongest theme that impacts the viewer is the plot. Body: The plot or also known as storyline is important in any film or text in a number of ways. There are a lot of aspects that lead us to accept and reject the characters. The plot is a plan or scheme to accomplish some purpose. The film Forrest Gump is about a slow BUT NOT STUPID man whom is involved in all the major events in Americaââ¬â¢s history. In his life Forrest as been a football star, Vietnam trooper, ping pong athlete and a scrimping boat captain. When we think of our lives are hard and we have no success, we turn and look at forests life. Forrest life is a lot harder than any of ours but still he succeeds. This is the message we get out of the plot. In order to further position the audience, the director uses Christian/moral themes and messages. In Forrest Gump there are a lot of Christian/moral themes and messages, both good and bad. These include bullying, friendship and acceptance, destiny, loyalty and determination. The term themes and messages refer to a subject of discourse. We are positioned to accept the loyalty that Forrest show but reject the bullying that forest encounters. An example of Forrest loyalty is when his platoon is attacked and he saves the life of most of his fellow soldiers. An example of bullying is when he gets s rocks thrown at him whilst running down that road. The themes and messages impact us on high level because they are just like the real world. The director can positively and negatively position the audience by using dialogue. The dialogue and any film or text is important but is the most influential as it is easy to understand. It is used in every film and refers to the conversation between characters. We are positioned to reject negative dialogue and accept positive dialogue. In Forrest Gump dialogue is used in a number of ways. Forrest tends to take dialogue literally. An example of dialogue used in a film is ââ¬Ëlife is like a box of chocolates, youââ¬â¢ll never know what youââ¬â¢re going to get. ââ¬â¢ This refers to how life is uncontrollable and things can happen out of the blue. Forrest believes that however, can be altered by the way you deal with it. Conclusion: Robert zemeckis positions the audience in a number of excellent ways. He uses a number of aspects including: destiny/chance, love/loyalty, acceptance, racism/bullying, symbols and metaphors, cinematic techniques, soundtracks, editing and plot. Robert zemeckis was very successful in producing and selling the film. Due to tom hanks excellent acting and zemecksââ¬â¢s directing the film won 6 Oscars, 32 wins and 38 nominations. Fromm the information given it would be an understatement to say that Zemeckis is a good director. As Forrest would say ââ¬Ëthatââ¬Ës I have to say about that. ââ¬â¢ How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers Forrest Gump Free Essays GSM 5301 ââ¬â COST BEHAVIOUR ââ¬â FORREST GUMP versus SIVAJI Forrest Gump was one of Paramountââ¬â¢s biggest hit movies of 1994. In 1995 it was nominated for 13 categories of the Oscar awards and it won six including best picture, best director and best actor awards. One analyst estimated that the film could generate as much as $350 million cash flow for Viacom, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Paramountââ¬â¢ parent company. The film took nine years to make it to the big screen and the script was then thought as unlikely material for a runway hit movie. Films are typically distributed to cinemas under an agreement whereby gross box office receipts are split approximately 50/50 between the cinemas and the movie studio. Based on such an agreement, Paramount had received $191 million in gross box office receipts from the cinemas as of December 31 1994. Paramount reports that the film cost $112 million to produce, including approximately $15. 3 million each paid to Tom Hanks and director Robert Zemeckis, and ââ¬Å"production overheadâ⬠of $14. 6 million. This production overhead is charged to the movie at a rate equal to 15% of other production costs. Not included in the $112 million production costs were the following expenses associated with the film. Promotion expenses incurred to advertise, premiere, screen, transport and store the film totaled $67 million at the end of 1994. An additional $6. 7 million ââ¬Ëadvertising overhead chargeââ¬â¢ (10% of the $67 million promotion expenses) was charged to the film by Paramount. These charges represent the filmââ¬â¢s allocation of the studioââ¬â¢s costs of maintaining an in-house advertising department. Paramount also charged the film a ââ¬Ëdistribution feeââ¬â¢ of 32% of its share of gross box office receipts. This fee is the filmââ¬â¢s allocation of the costs incurred by Paramount to maintain its studio-wide distribution services. Finally $6 million interest on the $112 million in production costs was charged to the film by Paramount. Another successful film is Sivaji, the most expensive movie to be made in India, costing US24 million. It was estimated that it raked in US56 million in the first 4 weeks of screening. At Cine Plaza in New Jersey, USA, the premier ticket was priced at US$25 compared to US$9 for a Brad Pitt movie. All tickets were sold out before the show started. Rajini, the star of the show, gets a salary of US$ 4 million plus 40% of total box office receipts. Shankar, the director gets US$672,000, Rahman, the composer gets US$448,000 and Shreya, the actress gets only 1/6 of what Rahman gets. Other expenses of the movies were special effects costs, outdoor shooting in locations outside India and wages of the crew. Questions: 1. Do you agree that both Sivaji and Forrest Gump were an accounting success? 2. In their original contracts, Tom Hanks and director Zemeckis were to receive $7 million and $5 million respectively, from the movie. However, after the studio asked the producers to cut their budgets, both Hanks and Zemeckis agreed to forego their standard fees and in place to receive a % of the films gross box office receipts. It was estimated that this new agreement guaranteed each of the two 8% of the studioââ¬â¢s share of gross box office receipt from the film. Assuming that all costs not specifically identified as variable are fixed, what is the contribution margin of Forrest Gump? 3. If Hanks and Zemeckis had demanded their original fees up front instead of taking a % of gross receipts from box office, would Forrest Gump have made money in 1994? . Other individuals associated with the film signed contracts based on a % of ââ¬Ënet profitsââ¬â¢ rather than gross box office receipts. Net profit is the filmââ¬â¢s profit after recouping all of the studioââ¬â¢s expenses. For example, Winston Groom, who wrote the novel on which the film is based, received $350,000 plus 3% of the filmââ¬â¢s net pro fit. Eric Roth, the screenwriter, signed a similar contract with a fixed fee plus 5% of the filmââ¬â¢s net profit. Based on your calculations above, how much did these two individuals receive from their share of the filmââ¬â¢s profit? How much in gross box office receipts will the studio have to receive from cinemas before Groom and Roth receive any money under the profit participation agreement? 5. Based on the contracts in the film making industry, which type of contract would a studio prefer actors, directors and others associated with a film to have? Why? 6. Which type of contract would the actors, directors and others prefer to have? Why? 7. Since producing movies costs a lot of money how can the production costs be reduced in order to enhance the chances of getting a bank loan? How to cite Forrest Gump, Essay examples Forrest Gump Free Essays The movie choose to write about is Forrest Gump. The plot is about a man with a below average intelligence who as a child has to wear leg braces. People treat him different because he has to wear these leg braces. We will write a custom essay sample on Forrest Gump or any similar topic only for you Order Now One day while he is being chased his leg braces fall off and he discovers his ability to run very fast. Over the course of his life he goes through many different types of events. As he grows he gets a football scholarship because he can run very fast. After that he joins the army. He meets and befriends a nice man named Bubba.Bubba tells Forrest about the shrimping business at their time in boot camp. Forrest and Bubba get sent to Vietnam. One day while they are walking they are attacked and Forrest saves many men but he is not able to save Bubba. While Forrest is trying to save Bubba he gets shot in the butt. While he was recovering he learned that he can play ping pong very well. He plays for the team that the army has. When he gets discharged from the military a company offers him money to advertise their product. He uses it to buy a shrimp boat. His former Lieutenant joins him. They end up being successful and Forrestââ¬â¢s mother gets sick and dies. Forrest former Lieutenant takes the business over and invests the money. They are then financially well. Forrest goes for a long run one day and is noticed by a girl he met in school named Jenny. He goes to see her and is surprised she has a son that she says is his and she tells Forrest that she is sick. She soon dies and Forrest takes care of their son. The moral lesson of this movie to me is that no matter who you are or where you are from or how smart you are does not mean that you canââ¬â¢t achieve great things. The ethical issue in this story to me was Forrest low intelligence and his leg braces he had to wear. This story influences my ethical decision process because it showed me that we should not judge people on their intelligence or on their physical or mental handicaps. I agree with this lesson all the way because it is a very valuable and in my opinion correct lesson. If everyone treated people how they would want to be treated I feel the world we live on will be a much better place. How to cite Forrest Gump, Papers
Tuesday, April 28, 2020
Red Bull Report free essay sample
Marketing Analysis of the Most Famous Energy Drink Brand Red Bull? s sources of brand equity. Red Bull is one of the most famous brands in the drink industry. With an innovative product Red Bull was able to sell millions and millions of cans and to draw profits of dizzy amount. But as often it is not only the product which determinates the success or failure of a company. And of this Red Bull is a very good example. Although nowadays Red Bull has to compete with the biggest drink companies in the world (Coca Cola, PepsiCo), it detains in its segment almost everywhere more than 50% market share. It is true that Red Bull was the first large and international energy drink producer, but for their leadership they did and still do a lot of accurate marketing actions in order to preserve and improve their awareness and image and as consequences their position. We will write a custom essay sample on Red Bull Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like mentioned the marketing actions of Red Bull were very accurate and coherent themselves. Dietrich Mateschitz, the founder of Red Bull, was spending about two years to create the product and their packaging. He conceived an advertising strategy with basically two slogans (ââ¬Å"Red Bull gives you wingsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Red Bull revitalizes body and mindâ⬠), which are still in the Red Bull ads nowadays. The message of the ads is always the benefit of the product. This red line has been seen from the beginning until today. Red Bull focused a lot of the functional side of the drink. Also because of that Red Bull is practicing a premium price, they argue that it is easier to believe in an efficiency of a product if it is more expensive than their competitors. A lot of marketing actions of Red Bull wants to show people the different use opportunities of their drink. It should not be only a mixer or a clubbing drink. Therefore Red Bull defined 5 potential users: students, drivers, clubbers, business people and sports people. Red bull was able to get in some way mystic. But why? First of all the category of drink (energy drink) was completely new. Then Red Bull has a clever distribution and a new-market-enter concept. First they are available in ââ¬Å"inâ⬠bars, discotheques and stores. They sponsored peers to take Red Bull in the public (confiding in the word-of-mouth) and only in a successive moment Red Bull is available in the discount stores, when a lot of people already know it. They call this concept ââ¬Å"seeding programâ⬠, that were able to create a wave of buzz around the drink before and the first time of its apparition. Also the only available packaging (cans of 250 ml without reducing the price if taken in great quantity) contributes to the mystification and success of Red Bull. Red Bull is very active in the event and sponsor marketing, taking a lot of attention if this kind of event or sport (sport sman) fits well together with the message of Red Bull as an energetic drink. So the sports are often extreme sports or related to speed (see Formula 1). All this things were contributing and still contribute to the brand equity. The company has always take care a very lot of their image and awareness. So Red Bull is an example of a good, successful and advised marketing. Do these sources change depending on the market or country? The Red Bull global marketing strategy is to use similar techniques everywhere, without differentiating the product or the brand characteristics depending of different countries or different markets. The Red Bull now-famous package is similar everywhere, characterized by the blue and silver small can (250 ml), which allows the company to give a different idea of drink to consumers. In fact this small can signal that the product is different and stronger than traditional soft drinks. The demonstration of the power and success of this can comes from the Red Bull attempt to commercialize a different package for its product. The company developed a glass brown bottle that had to be sold in places where cans were not allowed; it was introduced in Germany when Red Bull was launched in this country, and the quick demand of the product outpaced supply, so the company was forced to sell glass bottles. As soon as glass brown bottles were commercialized, sales fell off. Dietrich Mateschitz, the company founder, wants Red Bull to be drunk by everyone and everywhere; he wants consumers to drink it whenever they need a lift, whether it is morning, noon or night. This is another point of strength of Red Bull marketing strategy, because the company doesnââ¬â¢t define a specific demographic or psychographic segment as its target market. Red Bull doesnââ¬â¢t want to focus on a narrow consumer target, and this ensured to the company to be able to grow into numerous market segments. Moreover Red Bullââ¬â¢s advertising doesnââ¬â¢t specify any consumption occasions, which further facilitated an elastic positioning. In fact, at the beginning, Red Bull consumers in Austria were dancers, clubbers and ravers who used the drink to stay fresh during late-night parties. This was a very good publicity for the company, because this party-association created a significant buzz around the drink. Red Bull was used primarily as a mixer, a strategy allowed from the company useful to make Red Bull to be present in every kind of place and to be drunk in a lot of contests; in fact Norbert Kraihamer, Red Bullââ¬â¢s Group Marketing and Sales Director, said ââ¬Å"We are not against mixing, but over time we must make sure that the product is regarded as much more than a mixerâ⬠. The Red Bull intention has always been to communicate to everyone and in every country same concepts, and to do it the company used animated television spots adopted uniformly across the companyââ¬â¢s global market. Said Kraihamer: ââ¬Å"Even in a country where they speak a different language, we send the same message using the cartoonâ⬠¦. The power of our marketing mix worksâ⬠. The mot ââ¬Å"Red Bull gives you wiiingsâ⬠became a well-known sentence in all over the countries where the drink was sold. Usually the company used a ââ¬Å"pre-marketingâ⬠strategy to establish awareness in markets where the product were not yet sold. It consisted in sponsoring events that took place in countries where Red Bull was not available, because like Kraihamer said ââ¬Å" we want to be recognized as the pre-eminent brand, even if we are not thereâ⬠. Only once Red Bull tried to go over his traditional marketing entry strategy and it was a big mistake. It happened when they were introducing the product into the United Kingdom in 1995. In fact, marketing managers wanted to change the idea of ââ¬Å"stimulatingâ⬠drink in that one of ââ¬Å"energyâ⬠drink. It was a failure. In England consumers were very familiar with sport drinks category, dominated from decades by another brand, Lucozade. Management also changed the word-of-mouth strategy which characterized the awareness of the product until then. All preliminary steps were skipped and Red Bull started to be sold in the largest supermarkets and convenience stores, delaying every kind of buzz that has always been the strength of the brand. The last mistake in which UK management incurred was to introduce a new advertising concept; instead of the usual slogan they used a new one: ââ¬Å"Never underestimate what Red Bull can do for youâ⬠, which not really clarify what was the company positioning. What is more, they focused advertising efforts on billboards that were not as effective in communicating productââ¬â¢s benefits as electronic media. After necessary changes, between 1997 and 2001 Red Bull was able to gain the 48% of the energy and sports drink market. Another different, but successful marketing entry strategy was applied during the introdu ction of Red Bull into the US market in 1997. The company used the so-called ââ¬Å"cellâ⬠approach, consisting in dividing key markets in the country into targeted geographic segments, rather than attempt a nationwide launch. Even if the entry strategy was different from the usual one, Red Bull didnââ¬â¢t change the sources of brand equity that have always dictated the success of the company by giving to all consumers the same idea of what Red Bull drink was, and which were its benefits like functional product. Red Bullââ¬â¢s Marketing Program Analysis in terms of how it contributes to its brandââ¬â¢s equity. When a new product is launched on a market, first thing to do is to choose brand elem ents, identify points of difference and points of parity. Unless we do that, we canââ¬â¢t start thinking about marketing activities and so on. The reason is very simple. Everything must fit each other. The message that we are sending through our marketing program must reflect the desired perception of our product that we want to fix in consumersââ¬â¢ minds. The truth is that marketing communication is the main source of consumerââ¬â¢s knowledge about the product. There canââ¬â¢t be any misunderstandings or contradictions between this and the brand image. In our opinion, in case of Red Bullââ¬â¢s marketing program, everything was carefully planned. It contributed to build strong brand equity. Everything was important: pre-marketing, sponsorship and way of advertising. First of all, they managed to build one scheme of introducing their energy drink, which they copied in each country. It is how they made the product recognizable in every country in the same way with the same associations across the cultures. It also allowed lowering the costs of expanding, because the product did not need additional adaptation to another country. A very important point of their strategy was to make a buzz over the Red Bull energy drink before launching on a new market. People were talking about this drink, wondering what it is exactly, an atmosphere of excitement was created. This marketing trick was increasing brandââ¬â¢s equity. Firstly, the brand was known before entering the market. Secondly consumers were aware of its benefits and unusual ingredient which was kind of mystery. Of course sometimes the rumors were negative, but still everybody was just waiting to try ââ¬Å"this new thingâ⬠. Word-of-mouth communication was the key of their marketing program. Slightly controlled, by for example placing empty cans in clubs and pubs to build an illusion of popularity, it helped to build brand equity based on consumersââ¬â¢ own impressions. As they said: ââ¬Å"we do not market the product, we let the consumer discover itâ⬠. Thanks to that, Red Bull users are more convinced of the effect that the drink brings, as it seems to come from them-selves and from peers, not ââ¬Å"from the TV screenâ⬠. That kind of media is maybe the oldest one, but the most efficient. It does not mean that they completely resigned from advertisements. In fact, TV commercials are still one of the most efficient ways of influencing consumers as they can reach the biggest spectrum of them and they allows for sight, motion and sound and so they stimulate many human senses. Of course Red Bull had some TV spots, but very simple one. A cartoon always based on the same scenario two people, one advising to another lacking the energy to drink Red Bull and the line: ââ¬Å"Red Bull gives you wiiiingsâ⬠. It could fit consumer of every age. It allowed the brand not to be classified for only one target group. Although these are young people of 14-19 years old, who are the biggest group of buyers, this openness for people of every age brought by marketing program is the point of difference. Other products of the same category are focusing on specific target group or specific occasion of usage. Red Bull case is different. They wanted to make a product for every occasion. And so advertisements where never specifying the proper time of drinking. They were emphasizing the purpose of using ââ¬â whenever people are mentally or physically fatigue ââ¬â these were the only two dimensions characterizing a Red Bull consumer. Thanks to that brand equity increased as it better cover the market. Sampling was a crucial part of the Red Bull marketing program. Energetic people conv incing others to try and drink Red Bull at the right time and at the right place ââ¬â every aspect of a product trial was carefully planned. Thanks to that brandââ¬â¢s equity increases, because people can try the product just ââ¬Å"in timeâ⬠to see how it works, to feel benefits and so to spread the good word further to friends. The most important thing that contributed the brand equity was their approach to sponsor sport events. By sponsoring individual athletes or international competitions and events, they were showing brandââ¬â¢s involvement in viewerââ¬â¢s country. This pre-marketing strategy helped to establish awareness of the product and good associations with the brand before entering the market. The whole Red Bull marketing program was well-considered. Marketers have chosen various communication options, which shared common meaning but simultaneously were complementary, to build strong and unique brand equity. They did just one mistake during launching the product on the UK market as they thought it differ from another. Fortunately, they realized their mistake very quickly and they took necessary steps to fix the situation. Future Scenarios for Red Bull How to maintain its momentum? How to develop its extension? What would its marketing strategy be? Red Bull, in spite of its premium marketing strategy, will figure lots of new challenges in the future. Even if there have been some mistakes in the directionââ¬â¢s choices, as the launch in the UK or the attempt to commercialize the tea ââ¬Å"Carpe diemâ⬠, itââ¬â¢s clear that they have invented not only a new category of food: ââ¬Å"Functionalâ⬠, but also a very good way to enter in peopleââ¬â¢s mind, focusing on each costumer. However, there is a question: how to keep this little empire on the top? Now, more than ever, it is important to focus on its core product, as had happened in the first years. The reason for this is simple: too many big competitors on the market as well as small ones. Consequently to this situation, Red Bull has lost a big market share due to others brands attempting to copy Red bullââ¬â¢s marketing strategies to enter the various segments. Another problem is the major cost they have to support for the different advertising campaigns: more than the 30% of the revenues, in spite of the big competitors like Coca Cola and Pepsi that just spend 9% of them. This is a necessary cost, if Red Bull wants to remain a top brand in its sector. Anyway, as we could see from the results, all attempts to launch new products or to try common marketing strategies have failed or didnââ¬â¢t have much success. A good example of that are the ââ¬Å"Carpe diemâ⬠tea and eventually the fast-food chain with the homonymous name. The costumersââ¬â¢ awareness has been build trough the years focusing on every ââ¬Å"cellâ⬠they got in; now that all this work has been done, they canââ¬â¢t just adopt big brands strategies. They have to continue to keep the image in peopleââ¬â¢s mind, the one of their first and so innovative product. In these last years, weââ¬â¢ve seen the scarce answer that the market has given to product as ââ¬Å"Red Bull Lightâ⬠and above all the ââ¬Å"Red Bull Colaâ⬠. This last one, even if it has been presented trough the usual channel used by Red Bull, like the ââ¬Å"Red Bull Teamsâ⬠out of Universities and Colleges, it had no success. It has been for sure a too big challenge for them. They moved too much from their border this time; it is the reason why in many European Countries the product has not even been launched. It means theyââ¬â¢re very scared of the present situation since the big competitors are taking more and more shares of Red Bullââ¬â¢s market. If they want to try to move in new sectors or to create a new product for different segments, they should create other brands. In the present situation theyââ¬â¢re giving an image of dispersion, just losing more space without any profit. On the other hand, the evolution of its marketing strategy being a sponsor of extreme and high-speed sports and also the decision to buy a soccer team and to create a F1 team, makes us understand that its basic values are still the same. We can see how it sponsors athletes, who are the best in their ranges, even if their sports are still not so famous, or are not given any particular recognition to. Thanks to that, in the future, Red Bull will have best champions in new, very fashion and extreme sports. To be remembered, the Red Bull project to develop an air team; this requires a lot of money, but gives an enormo us payback in awareness and image. The brand is also very good in creating new events and contests, so to give them a very personal mark. These are the best occasions to strengthen again the relations with its core classes of costumers, like sportsmen and clubbers. At the end, we can say that Red Bull is still doing a really good job thanks to its creativity and fantasy, but it should take care not to get confused and disoriented because of many competitors trying to take its place. Stay focus and remember not to mix new and old challenges. That is the only way to get into the worldwide trade and extension.
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